Genetic engineering practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Genetic engineering practice - Essay Example Equally, some cultured meat is prepared with the present technology, which reduces the level of L-carnitine to zero percentage. This chemical is a contributing factor to heart diseases. The chemical is naturally contained in the red meat. Similarly, the meat is grown in the test tube (GMO) is preferred to conventional meat in terms of cleanness. According to Tomme, the GMO meat undergoes a clean process in its preparation consequently reduced infections. This argument justifies the belief that conventional meat undergoes dirt preparation process, which allows the growth of such bacteria as Salmonella and Listeria, which causes food poisoning (Tomme, 67).On the other hand, GMO meat should not be explored as a viable alternative to conventional meats because of the belief that, despite the vitro meat supposedly similar to the conventional meat, there is a probability that the test tube meat could be bodily detrimental (Tomme, 67). There is a high extent of questionability concerning th e long-term consequences of the test tube meat consumption on human beings. There is fear and doubt amongst the public that the rush to consume new food substances may cause unforeseen effects, which might be difficult to prove for hesitation to test using humans as instruments. Similarly, the technological infeasibility, which is associated with technical challenges in the production of the vitro meat, has remained technically unchallenged, consequently leaving room for doubts.

Integrated Marketing Communications Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Integrated Marketing Communications - Essay Example Exchange of information forms a vital element, in marketing, besides nurturing and maintaining a sustainable relationship between an organization and its customers or the market. The high competition in the marketing industry calls for elaborative actions by organizations to adapt holistic marketing strategies that can satisfy the existing market demands. The advancements in technology and the ever-increasing ease of information access by customers make it inevitable for organizations to adopt strategies with high impact on the targeted market audience in the open economy. Integrated marketing communications (IMC) is among various globally adopted trends of communication by organizations and companies, as a landmark advancement in marketing, to cope with the competition. It entails the use of a blend of promotional methods that complement each other to achieve the objectives of marketing. The plan applied in IMC appreciates the role of communication in advertising and promotion among other objectives of marketing. IMC utilizes the role of public relations, sales promotion and personal selling to create profound impact through communication, which is clear and consistent, as a marketing strategy. It also entails that use of other strategies as direct marketing and brand marketing coupled with distinct management of customer relationship (Yeshi 2012, p.220). IMC ensures that consumers have a consistent image of the marketplace using plans that promotes and markets the organization or the brands (Kitchen 2004, p.21). It achieves this objective by employing a central messaging function that ensures that all information passes a common theme and hold a common position. The evolution of IMC is traceable from the 1990s (Sisodia & Telrandhe 2010, p.136) and overdid the traditional advertising method that prevailed in the market, notably in the 1980s. Organizations, however, broadened their perspective of marketing communication by integrating a number of factors in mar keting. Given the various challenges faced by organizations, organizations adopted promotional tools that blended the traditional methods of advertisement. Sales promotion, public relations as well as the use of direct marketing were among the developments adopted by organizations as parts of reforms in marketing. The progress toward IMC involves efforts by firms to coordinate various elements aimed at promotion of their products while maintaining communication with customers. They abandoned the prior situation where organizations and firm depended primarily on media advertising. Involvement in non-advertising areas enabled the agencies to gain control of their clients was a key change in the marketing, under IMC. The major focus of IMC was to maximize on the impact of communication as a tool in marketing. The use of maximum communication impact emanates from the fact that consumer’ sensitivity or awareness of organization or products is a factor of the messages they get or t he extent of contact that they have. IMC is a sophisticated marketing strategy that differs from the traditional methods of advertising from a number of considerations. The traditional advertising and promotion

An analysis of sex tourism: Issues and critique

An analysis of sex tourism: Issues and critique Introduction Leisure and tourism is considered as one way of getting away daily routines. Numerous tourists feel bored and tired of their everyday life so they travel to escape those environments. Their jobs and duties have become a hindrance to joyful feelings in life. Tourism is not merely an economic activity, but it is not all of the host culture, elements of culture and cultural guest that comes and accepts that culture. ÃŽâ„¢n the Tourism Industry, a dark sector raises called Sex Tourism. Martin (1998) state that, look back to the history the first signs of sex tourism began to appear on first and second World Wars through of the soldiers who needs a place to relax and recreate after a long walk and trajectories in camps. When the military started developing into seas, such as trade trips, the cities changed into busy roads with places of entertainment for sailors and dealers. Sex tourism is a constantly developing phenomenon which defined as â€Å"trips organized from within the tourism sector, or from outside this sector but using its structures and networks, with the primary purpose of effecting a commercial sexual relationship by the tourist with residents at the destination (World Tourism Organization). Sex tourism also furthers gender inequalities and promotes violence towards women. There are two forms of sex tourism: 1) Sex tourism â€Å"promoted† by those countries in which prostitution is legally recognized and considered as a professional activity; 2) Sex tourism taking place in states that are often considered as developing countries, where prostitution is not regulated by a specific law, but by an illegal system. This particular type of tourism has both social and cultural effects on the countries of origin and destination, particularly in those situations in which differences related to sex, age, social and economic status of the populations living in such countries are exploited. The diversity of modern activities is causing impacts on the cultural environment: a common example is the use of cultural as a trade good for the tourism industry. The host community is generally the weak part of the relationship host-guest: taking any influence from the guest side in order to fulfill is requirements (unep 2015). The impacts arise when changes in the cultural v Globalization in the field of economic, cultural, social and political, have a positive relationship and in the field of the environment but a negative relationship with the development of tourism. Tourism can cause change or loss of local identity and values, as well as can convert local cultures into commodities. Tourism can cause change / loss of local identity and values by: COMMODIFICATION STANDARDISATION LOSS OF AUTHENTICITY / STAGED AUTHENTICITY Commodification Tourism can turn local cultures into commodities when religious rituals, traditional ethnic rites and festivals are reduced and sanitized to conform to tourist expectations, resulting in what has been called reconstructed ethnicity (unep 2015). Once a destination is sold as a tourism product, and the tourism demand for souvenirs, arts, entertainment and other commodities begins to exert influence, basic changes in human values may occur. Standardization Destinations risk standardization in the process of satisfying tourists desires for familiar facilities. While landscape, accommodation, food and drinks, etc., must meet the tourists desire for the new and unfamiliar, they must at the same time not be too new or strange because few tourists are actually looking for completely new things. Furthermore, tourists often look for recognizable facilities in an unfamiliar environment, like well-known fast-food restaurants and hotel chains. Loss of authenticity and staged authenticity Adapting cultural expressions to the tastes of tourists or even performing shows as if they were real life constitutes staged authenticity. As long as tourists just want a glimpse of the local atmosphere, a quick glance at local life, without any knowledge or even interest, staging will be inevitable. Cultural clashes: Cultural clashes, promoted through of convergence of cultural, and can arise from economic inequality which based on consumption patterns and local community. The result can be an overexploitation of the social carrying capacity (limits of acceptable change in the social system inside or around the destination) and cultural carrying capacity (limits of acceptable change in the culture of the host population) of the local community (unep 2015). Economic inequality Like all transactions, sex-tourism is both an economic and political phenomenon, this because it must have a market and the transactions must be considered indirectly or directly socially and politically legitimate (Outshoorn 2004 p 267). Many tourists come from societies with different consumption patterns and lifestyles than what is current at the destination, seeking pleasure, spending large amounts of money. Especially in less developed countries, there is likely to be a growing distinction between the haves and have-nots, which may increase social and sometimes ethnic, tensions (unep 2015). Ethical issues Finally, ethical issues are also the aspects as crime generation, the practice of child labour and prostitution. With the growth, urbanization of an area, and growth of mass tourism is often the main reason that crime rates typically increase. Furthermore The presence of a large number of tourists with a lot of money to spend, and often carrying valuables such as cameras and jewelry, increases the attraction for criminals and brings with it activities like robbery and drug dealing. Job level friction In developing countries especially, many jobs occupied by local people in the tourist industry are at a lower level, such as housemaids, waiters, gardeners and other practical work, while higher-paying and more prestigious managerial jobs go to foreigners or urbanized nationals. Due to a lack of professional training, as well as to the influence of hotel or restaurant chains at the destination, people with the know-how needed to perform higher level jobs are often attracted from other countries. This may cause friction and irritation and increases the gap between the cultures. Child labour The United Nations has defined child sex tourism as tourism organized with the primary purpose of facilitating the effecting of a commercial sexual relationship with a child. For children from families too poor to send them to school, tourism can present opportunities to earn an income. In many destinations, this is a stark example of how the supposed wealth generated by tourism is not being equally shared across society. It can also leave children open to one the most abhorrent forms of exploitation such as child sex tourism. Every year, countless numbers of children are sexually abused by tourists. Child sex tourism is the commercial sexual exploitation of children in tourism. Despite concerted international efforts to combat child sex tourism, it is an increasing phenomenon. Factors such as internet, low cost travel, border relaxations and visa free travel are making it more challenging to monitor and prevent. Prostitution and sex tourism Though tourism is not the cause of sexual exploitation, it provides easy access to it. The lure of this easy money has caused many young people, including children, to trade their bodies in exchange for some money and many times for some material goods such as clothes and food. In other situations children are trafficked into the brothels on the margins of the tourist areas and sold into sex slavery, very rarely earning enough money to escape. Certain tourism destinations have become centers for this illegal trade, frequented by pedophiles and supported by networks of pimps, taxi drivers, hotel staff, brothel owners, entertainment establishments, and tour operators who organize package sex tours. Philippines Philippines has become one of the most popular destination with 40 percent of the visitors are sex tourists. The last years while the Philippines economy has made a big progress, a quarter of the population still lives below the international poverty line of US$1.25 per day. Today Philippines has over 300 bars clubs that offer sexual liaisons. An alarmingly problem to the country is that the fathers often don’t take responsibility of the child with result the mothers to can’t take care of the child because of economic issues. This kind of social circumstance usual force the children too in prostitution, with many of them facing such ordeals at an incredibly young age with result to trap the young generation in the sex industry. Moreover, must to be note that $400m spent on prostitution each year in Philippines. There are 500k workers which almost a fifth of whom are minors. Owners of sex bars in the Philippines often use fake identification documents in order to employ minors. Some former child victims have reported being offered jobs as waitresses in â€Å"red light† districts and then being coerced into providing sexual services to customers. Prostitution of children in the Philippines is in some cases associated with domestic work. It has been estimated that in Manila alone there are 1.5 million street children with result to increase the vulnerability of children to all forms of commercial sexual exploitation of children, in particular, child prostitution, pornography and trafficking for sexual purposes. John Hopkins University state that the number of minors exploited in the commercial sex industry in the Philippines is between 60,000 and 75,000. Trafficking of children According to the US Department of State, the Philippines are mostly a source country, and to a lesser extent a transit and destination country for children subjected to sex trafficking. Domestic child trafficking in the Philippines presents more challenges than cross border trafficking. Internally, women and children are trafficked from poor farming communities and rural areas to urban areas such as Manila, Angeles City and Cebu City. Men are subjected to forced labor and debt bondage in agriculture, including on sugar cane plantations, and in the fishing industry. Women and children were trafficked within the country for forced labor as domestic workers and small-scale factory workers, for forced begging, and for exploitation in the commercial sex trade. Hundreds of victims are subjected to sex trafficking each day in well-known and highly visible business establishments that cater to Filipinos’ and foreign tourists’ demand for commercial sex acts. Filipino migrant workers, both domestically and abroad, who became trafficking victims are often subjected to violence, threats, inhumane living conditions, nonpayment of salaries, confinement, and withholding of travel and identity documents. Traffickers, at times in partnership with organized crime syndicates and corrupt government officials, recruit family and friends from villages and urban neighborhoods, sometimes masquerading as representatives of government-registered employment agencies. Apart from poverty, the main causes of child trafficking in the Philippines are low economic development in communities of origin, gender inequalities, limited employment opportunities, large family sizes, inadequate awareness among families, and sex tourism. Also persistent law enforcement officials’ complicity in human trafficking and corruption at all levels of government enables traffickers to prosper and exploit children in the sex industry Trends The last years in Philippines has emerged a new form of online child exploitation which seems to have devastating effects. The people who promote child sex tourism in Philippines usually offer money or other rewards to the victims in order to promote direct live streaming videos of children. Since there is no direct sexual contact, often parents see it not as a problem but the damage which webcam sex make to the children in fact is large. Legislation and mechanisms to protect children from sexual exploitation In 2004, the Interà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Agency Council Against Trafficking in Persons (ACT), in collaboration with other government agencies, NGOs and other stakeholders, created a six year (2004-2010) Strategic National Plan of Action against Trafficking. This specific plan is split into three components: Prevention protection, including law enforcement and prosecution repatriation, recovery and reintegration In relation to the prevention of trafficking, relevant objectives of the plan include: 1) Increasing public awareness of trafficking 2) Undertaking research on the root causes of trafficking in women and children 3) Instituting programs at the local level to prevent women and children from being procured by traffickers. Conclusion and recommendation Many question the Filipino Government’s lack of involvement in reducing the accessibility of the sex trafficking and sex tourism industry. Currently, the punishment stands at a  £12 fine for the bar or club where the girl is taken from to have sex. Furthermore, being a deeply religious country, access to contraception isn’t widely available and therefore increases the chances of pregnancy among the women. In conclusion, we have seen that the existence of child sex tourism in the Philippines is directly related to the inequalities in wealth that are present between the developing and developed world. Additional factors include the historical context of foreigners in the islands and the images and stereotypes of Orient sexuality. The way forward must include all actors shows as local people, governments and the tourism industry. However these do not necessarily have the opportunity or motivation to act. Therefore there is a crucial campaigning role to be played by civil society and, in particular, the media. Philippines must to realize that their image such as tourism destination has been damaged by the negative publicity for child sex tourism in order to take drastic measures. the UN refer that Decriminalization enables sex workers to organize within their communities and register their organizations, obtain identification documents so that they can fully access services and entitlements, engage in advocacy and respond to the health and safety needs of their peers. By legalizing prostitution, a government can help bring sex workers under labor protections offered to other workers. Some claim that prostitution in inherently unsafe and so should not be sanctioned by labor laws, but many other industries are unsafe such as the mining industry, and this was precisely the reason why government labor laws and unions were created to protect them. Moreover, a legalized form of prostitution will help lessen the incidence of human trafficking through of the rules which will be applied with result to reduce sex trafficking and take out prostitution of the black market. Legalization won’t cure all of the buses involved in the sex industry. But, if it will make the environment marginally safer, which is an appropriate step in the right direction. In other words, legitimizing prostitution in the Philippines will pave way to equal treatment to sex workers. Reference: Martin Oppermann (1998). Sex Tourism and Prostitution: Aspects of Leisure, Recreation, and Work (Tourism Dynamics). Edition. Cognizant Communication Corp Outshoorn, Joyce (e.d), 2004. Politics of Prostitution: Womens movment, Democratic states and the Globalisation of sex commerce, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. UNEP, (2015). United Nations Environment Programme: environment for development. [ONLINE] [Accessed 29 April 2015]. Available at: http://www.unep.org/resourceefficiency/Business/SectoralActivities/Tourism/FactsandFiguresaboutTourism/ImpactsofTourism/Socio-CulturalImpacts/NegativeSocio-CulturalImpactsFromTourism/tabid/78781/Default.aspx. The Lost Generation Sex Tourism in the Philippines. The Global Panorama. 2015. [ONLINE] [Accessed 29 April 2015]. Available at: http://theglobalpanorama.com/the-philippines-generation-of-sex-tourism-children/. ECPAT Website http://www.ecpat.net/ Trinidad, A.C., University of the Philippines, and UNICEF Manilla. (2005). Child pornography in the Philippines. Psychosocial Trauma and Human Rights Program, UP Center for Integrative and Development Studies and UNICEF Manila. USA department of state, DIPLOMACY IN ACTION case Philippines, (2015). [ONLINE] [Accessed 29 April 2015]. Available at: http://www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/countries/2013/215544.htm. TRAVEL Health Clinic: sex tourism. WLV Article Linker Results (2015). [ONLINE] [Accessed 29 April 2015]. Available at: http://wk6kg9sd8m.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8rfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.comrft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journalrft.genre=articlerft.atitle=Sex+tourismrft.jtitle=Practice+Nursingrft.au=Willcox%2C+Adriennerft.date=2009-05-01rft.issn=0964-9271rft.volume=20rft.issue=5rft.spage=251rft.epage=255rft.externalDBID=n%2Farft.externalDocID=10_12968_pnur_2009_20_5_41986paramdict=en-US Exploitation of children (2015). [ONLINE] [Accessed 29 April 2015]. Available at: http://tourismconcern.org.uk/exploitation-of-children/. SEX TOURISM AS ONE FACTOR OF TOURISM INDUSTRY (2015) [ONLINE], Available at: http://www.academia.edu/4067691/SEX_TOURISM_AS_ONE_FACTOR_OF_TOURISM_INDUSTRY Sex tourism, (2015). [ONLINE] [Accessed 29 April 2015]. Available at: http://www.osservatoriopedofilia.gov.it/dpo/en/turismo_sessuale.wp;jsessionid=1E5E9596040D117D8397640725FC2AEF.dpo1. Schuster Institute Investigative Journalism (2015). [ONLINE] [Accessed 29 April 2015]. Available at: http://www.schusterinstituteinvestigations.org/#!human-trafficking-boston-to-bangkok-3/c4jy. Who is to blame for sex tourism. Al Jazeera English, (2015). Who is to blame for sex tourism? Al Jazeera English. [ONLINE] [Accessed 29 April 2015]. Available at: http://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/insidestory/2011/10/201110992858495767.html. Michael, S. Elsa, J. Eike, A. (2004). Implementing Strategic Environmental Assessment (Environmental Protection in the European Union). 2 end vol 2 . Springer.

Personal Narrative: A Personal Essay -- Narrative Essay Writing Englis

â€Å"The inside of the shell looks to me like a sore throat mouth,† is the sentence I wrote on paper eighteen years ago. It was my first day of an expository writing class and I was a freshman in college. Assorted objects were placed in the center of a table, around which twenty students and I sat around. Professor H asked us to describe the objects. What I saw was a seashell, a piece of driftwood and a black and white framed photo of an old man and a silver pocket watch. I wanted to sketch the still life in opposition to writing. I looked around me and observed all the students writing. At the end of our allotted ten minutes, I finally scribbled down my single sentence. Professor H asked us to read aloud what we had written, and as I listened to each student’s long prose, I was amazed. They drew the objects using words. When it was my turn I read,â€Å"The inside of the shell looks to me like a sore throat mouth.† The class laughed as I blushed. â€Å"Brilliant†, exclaimed Professor H with his Welsh accent. I looked down at my single sentence with relief. That was the beginning of my understanding that everyone’s perception of something, may it be an inanimate object or experience is unique. The end of class he assigned us to write an essay about a personal experience, to be due the following week. He also asked us to bring copies to distribute to all the class. The days prior to the due date, I recalled many experiences, but when I attempted to write them down on paper, I was not able to portray them successfully. The sharpest memories I could recall were incidents I was ashamed to write about, much less to share with the class. I feebly tried to write about a family trip to Arizona. When I read over what I had written, I was disa... ...and waved her hands frantically and shook her head like a crazed Beatle fan. As I continued to write, I once again became an eight-year-old child who sat with her older sister in the back of our Dad’s station wagon. When I was finished and read the essay several weeks later, I understood how profoundly the experience of having a sister with disabilities has affected my life. That experience affects how I write and interpret others’ writing. If I had not written this particular essay, I am not sure how clear my understanding of this reality would be, even today. Today, as I pull out this essay, I see on the bottom H’s comment. He wrote, â€Å"Once again Liza, with remarkable verbal precision and economy you evoke rich layers of meaning, feeling, and suggestion. There is not a word wasted in this piece-all comes over with the stated immediacy of a flash-photo.†

How Did Malene’s Arthritis Attacks Impact Her Social Life Essay

Rheumatoid arthritis, shall we say, is a crippling ailment, both literally and figuratively. It is a common ailment and yet there are only few individuals who are willing to admit that they have Rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis is also an ailment that can heavily affect the social life of the person who suffers Rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis can also be understandably make the lives of the individuals affected difficult since they can’t be shall we say not fully functional and thus it has certain effects their productivity. But this vicious ailment could be more difficult for people in their prime since there is a common notion that this ailment is for old people only (allaboutarthritis. com). Those individuals in their prime that are affected by Rheumatoid arthritis in many ways could not do certain things that are expected of them because of the ailment. This essay will try to examine and present the impact of the ailment called rheumatoid arthritis on the life, especially on the social life of the fictional character Malene from the novel â€Å"The Exception† by the Danish Writer Christian Jungersen. Her story is somewhat a common case in real life as there are many individuals who suffer from a medical condition that adversely affects the normalcy of their lives. To start off, Rheumatoid arthritis is an ailment that causes the patient constant pain due to inflammation of the joint areas. It is an autoimmune disease meaning the body itself is attacking its own body tissues with its own immune system by mistake. Rheumatoid arthritis is an ailment that is considered a chronic ailment. That just means that rheumatoid arthritis can unfortunately last a lifetime for a patient. Medical practitioners say that the causes of Rheumatoid arthritis are still unknown. The known symptoms for Rheumatoid arthritis can range from joint and swelling of affected the body parts, muscle pains and stiffness, poor appetite, high levels of fatigue, fever among many others. (Medlineplus. gov) Rheumatoid arthritis could have a large impact on the social life of the individual affected just like the case of the character of Malene in the novel â€Å"The Exception† by the Danish Writer Christian Jungersen. The effect of her rheumatoid arthritis is amplified by the fact that she has a lively personality and has a reputation of having an active social and love life. Here is an excerpt from the novel that suggests Malene is quite the social person â€Å"Malene, who has always been brilliant at voices†¦improvising Chris’s words. From time to time she entertains everyone with parodies†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Jungersen 20). Actually. That previous line implies to us that Malene is quite the entertainer, that she is the kind of person who is comfortable of being around other people. It can also be concluded that she is used to that scenario and now her rheumatoid arthritis is affecting her confidence to mingle with other people. In a scene wherein Malene was in a social gathering, she calls on to her best friend Iben to tell her in secret that she has to leave the social gathering because of her rheumatoid arthritis attack â€Å"‘Look, I really came over to tell you that I’d better leave. My feet †¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Jungersen 12) She didn’t even finished the sentence because she was quite actually shy about her condition, even to a close friend who she could tell anything. She is still young and it is a common notion that it is unusual for young people to suffer rheumatoid arthritis â€Å"Three years have [just] passed since Malene received her degree† (Jungersen 6). That excerpt from the novel implies to us that Malene is relatively a fresh college graduate. That just means that her age can be approximated from the age of twenty to thirty years of age. Malene may have felt so down because maybe she feels that there are still more to do for people within her age of range. And not that she has the crippling disease of rheumatoid arthritis, her morale could had been dragged down and he confidence to take part in social activities is greatly affected. According to the National Institutes of Health, people suffering rheumatoid arthritis find it difficult to mingle and interact with other people. They say that people that have rheumatoid arthritis are very prone to having low confidence in their self and their ability to socialize. People that have rheumatoid arthritis may feel that they can’t keep up with other people that don’t suffer the ailment, that is why they just stay in a low-profile (National Institutes of Health). That would pose a problem for Malene since she is seemingly always having an above-the-radar profile. She is described in the novel as having a lively personality and attractive physical features as conveyed by Iben’s jealousy to Malene’s physical beauty â€Å"Iben†¦felt envious of her friend, who always met such exciting men through her work,and was good-looking enough to attract many of them† (Jungersen 16). Rheumatoid arthritis would have a big effect on Malene’s confidence since she was described in the novel as rather vain â€Å"Malene comes back, trailing a faint scent of perfume and wearing a flimsy, chocolate-coloured dress†¦ Malene wants to finish her make-up (Jungersen 6-7)†. Her slight vanity would further dramatize her situation of a young woman having rheumatoid arthritis because as we know vain people, they detest having imperfections, even the thought of it. Rheumatoid arthritis could be considered an imperfection because it can cause swellings in affected body parts. These swellings on affected body parts can be considered a quite unattractive feature. Malene is not used to being unattractive, she may have always been a beautiful woman and always attractive to men as explicitly implied by the lines â€Å"Malene, always so sure of being attractive to men, is making a big fuss over nothing† (Jungersen 16). It is just understandable for a young woman, who was always convinced to be always attractive to men, to be questioning her own beauty now that she has an ailment that can deform her beautiful physical features. She may have felt really down when she first heard the news that she was diagnosed to have rheumatoid arthritis in such a young age. That just meant to her that even at her young age, she will be suffering an ailment that only old people should be suffering from. It is not improbable that she may have thought that would look as an old woman and that people in her range of age won’t be comfortable hanging alongside her because she looks more mature. Perhaps the most relevant and dramatic scene that displays Malene’s struggle with rheumatoid arthritis is when she had to change her normal shoes for a pair of shoe especially made for people who suffer rheumatoid arthritis â€Å"In the hall, Malene quickly changes to another pair of her expensive orthopaedic shoes, which she has to wear because of her arthritis. † (Jungersen 8) We should note that she had to change her shoes in a quick manner. The probable reason for her quickly changing shoes is that she is somewhat ashamed to show other people her special condition. In that scene, Malene and Iben were at the hall where there would be other people. Maybe Malene got a little comfortable to change her shoes in the hall because she was with her best friend that could cover for her as she was changing. What is dramatic in that scene was the fact that she was always convinced that she was a beautiful woman. Through that fact we can make an assumption that she was used to wearing fashionable and fancy â€Å"normal† shoes. And now that she has rheumatoid arthritis, she is forced by the crippling pain of the ailment to wear unfashionable-doctor-prescribed shoes. It is just sad to imagine that she may have once wore expensive fancy shoes that were tailored by the likes of Prada, and now she is being forced to wear a more expensive shoe tailored by a doctor specialized in treating joints, not in making women look elegant. As we know it, shoes are probably one of the shortest way to a woman’s heart. And now Malene’s maybe sad because she can’t wear beautiful â€Å"normal† shoes that she was once used to wear. Consequently, setting aside the effects on the social life, rheumatoid arthritis can also have adverse effects on the individual’s love life. This portion of the paragraph is included because love life and relationships can be also considered as a form of the social life. It seems that individuals with rheumatoid arthritis find it difficult to be comfortable approaching other people. They also find it difficult to talk about their condition openly to people, even if they have close relationships. They find it difficult to communicate openly to others because they are having the fear of being judged or rejected. Some even come to the point of being frustrated when they are trying to explain their condition because others without rheumatoid arthritis find it difficult to relate to the patient. (National Institutes of Health) That was the same case for Malene as rheumatoid arthritis had ruined her already fragile relationship with his boyfriend. Malene and her boyfriend were already having fights about the shaky status of their relationship. Malene’s boyfriend was complaining about the lack of time that Malene gives him and their relationship. Malene’s boyfriend had accused her of having so much time worrying other things besides him and their relationship. These things would include her work and unfortunately her condition of having rheumatoid arthritis. In that sense, her ailment was one of the main factors that had caused her a happy relationship with her boyfriend. As if it wasn’t enough that she had worried that her boyfriend won’t like her because her body parts maybe deformed by rheumatoid arthritis. The ailment, rheumatoid arthritis had paved the way for her worst nightmare of being left by her boyfriend. But then again, that just means that her boyfriend doesn’t love her as much or as purely. It would be really quite ironic when eventually they get married and be taking their vows, especially when her boyfriend will say the â€Å"through sickness and in health†¦Ã¢â‚¬  part. He couldn’t even give her girlfriend enough understanding that she has a condition and the kind of work that requires much understanding. Moreover, although it was not explicitly mentioned in the novel, Malene’s sexual relationship/s could have been affected by her condition. Since, rheumatoid arthritis can cause body pains and stiffness, her ability to perform sexually could be put in question. It is just an assumption that this could have been a factor to the weakening of Malene and her boyfriend’s relationship. Almost all the main characters in the story were given their share of respective complications by the author. Iben. Malene’s best friend, had to deal with her horrible past of being abducted by terrorist on Africa, Camilla, the office secretary, also had to deal with his past because her former lover was a terrorist, Anne-Lise had to deal with both her past and present as she was constantly bullied by everyone around her. In the case of Malene, her complication is that she has rheumatoid arthritis. As if the complications were not bad enough, the he complication Marlene and the other characters has to face is also seemingly being affected by their gender as they are working on a male dominated environment. Moreover, it is also seems that the complications that Marlene and the other characters have to face seems to be interfering their work, sort of preventing them not to function well in their work. The previous paragraph was included because work can also be considered a social function. More common than not, people are obliged to sort of mingle and interact with other people, like co-workers, bosses, clients, etc, in their respective workplace. It is a common notion in workplaces that workers should mingle and interact with other workers to form a kind of cohesiveness within the workplace place with the assumption that they would function better together as a team. Another assumption is that that certain cohesiveness among the workers requires camaraderie and trust. In the case of Malene, it seems that that certain trust is being damaged because she constantly keeps a secret from her fellow workers, her rheumatoid Rheumatoid arthritis. As stated earlier in this essay, Malene, just like others who suffer from rheumatoid arthritis, find it hard to openly talk about their condition with other people. That is the very reason why she is only comfortable to discuss her situation with her best friend, Iben. It was very admirable of Malene’s best friend Iben to be always there to help her in times of need, or in the case of Malene, times of many needs. Malene’s dependence to her best friend Iben was displayed in pages eighteen to nineteen â€Å"Iben felt like Malene’s squire, always ready to help and support her. Only Iben was allowed to know when Malene wasn’t capable of twisting the lids off jars, of buttoning her shirts, or of unlocking doors by herself. † (Jungersen 18-19). As we can see from that excerpt, Malene was already dependent to her best friend Iben because Malene could no longer perform even the most basic of functions. It is important to take into consideration that these basic functions would include functions from Malene’s work. With that taken into consideration, we can now conclude that rheumatoid arthritis did not only affected and deteriorated her joints and body tissues, but also Malene’s performance at work. And as stated earlier in this paragraph, if her performance at the workplace is being affected, it is just logical that her social life is also being affected by rheumatoid arthritis. Malene’s work was greatly affected because she had to miss several days of work due to rheumatic arthritis â€Å"The diagnosis was a sudden onset of rheumatoid Rheumatoid arthritis and Malene had been kept in hospital for several days† (Jungersen 18). It is not only her work life that was affected by her condition, her social life had also suffered much because of rheumatoid arthritis. Her work and her boyfriend was basically the bulk of Malene’s social life. If she was bedridden for several days in the hospital, that just means several days of only talking to doctors and nurses, that wouldn’t qualify as a social activity at all since she had no choice but to be bedridden and answer the questions of the people from the hospital. The effects to Malene’s social life of rheumatoid arthritis were also surfaced in the most poignant parts of the novel. In the novel â€Å"The Exception† the story revolved around the death threat that the office of Manlene had recived. She may have felt great fear because she knows in herself that she would have a hard time defending herself since rheumatoid arthritis had already weakened her. She may have felt helpless and unable to defend herself. All in all, the ailment rheumatoid arthritis had completely ruined Malene’s social life. The condition had a great effect on her confidence especially because her job was to help people. She may have questioned her ability to help others if she can’t even help herself as she was dependent to Iben to help her in even the most basic of functions. Rheumatoid arthritis had brutally shattered the poor Malene’s relatively small-scaled social life that was mostly consisted of her work and her boyfriend. She had missed several social gatherings, work, dates with her boyfriend, appointments, and other social functions on repeated occasions throughout the novel because of her condition. It was like the ailment rheumatoid arthritis did not only affected and deteriorated her joints and body tissues, but also Malene’s performance at work, relationship with her boyfriend and best friend, reputation as a lively and beautiful lady, basically all of her social life was turned upside down. To end, Malene’s condition is suffered by many people around us. Her story, or rather her tragedy tells us that people that have rheumatoid arthritis requires understanding from people who are fortunate enough to not have suffered the pains of the ailment. Her story tells us that we shouldn’t be like her selfish boyfriend who is devoid of empathy. What we should be is like Iben who is selflessly helpful to these people. Works Cited Jungersen, Christian. The Exception. Orion Publishing Group. 2006 allaboutarthritis. com. Rheumatoid Arthritis. 24 March 2008 http://www. allaboutarthritis. com/AllAboutRheumatoidarthritis/layoutTemplates/html/en/contentdisplay/document/condition/Rheumatoid arthritis/generalArticle/dating_Rheumatoid arthritis_xml. htm Medlineplus. gov. Effects of Arthritis on the Dating Life. 24 March 2008 http://www. medicinenet. edu/rheumatoid_arthritis/page2. htm#2whatcausera arthritis. org . Arthritis and Young Teens. 24 March 2008 http://www. arthritis. org/juvenile- arthritis. php British Society for Rheumatology. Effects of Rheumatoid Arthritis on the Social Life. 24 March 2008 http://rheumatology. oxfordjournals. org/cgi/content/abstract/15/3/156 UW Medicine. edu. Frequently Asked Questions About Arthritis. 24 March 2008 http://www. orthop. washington. edu/uw/livingwith/tabID__3376/ItemID__94/PageID__11 8/Articles/Default. aspx

Paypal

Papal is a kind of financial instrument that connects the plastic, credit card or any bank account with a user account on the system, which makes it possible at any moment to replenish their balance in the system, to make any payments, withdraw money. 1. 0 The history of success Papal – is the largest electronic money system in the world designed to make payments on the Internet. Papal is making it possible for users to make their money into your account using a mobile phone connected to the Internet.In 1998, Max Levin, Luke Noses, and Peter Thiele founded the company Continuity, whose task was o develop cryptographic applications that might be used in the implementation of electronic payment transactions using mobile phones. This project is interested in several investors – Deutsche Bank, which has invested in the project, is $ 1. 5 million, and Monika Ventures – they implemented an infusion of $ 3 million. In 1999, Leon Musk founded the company X. Com Corporati on, which was engaged in a variety of financial services on the Internet.Considering the needs of the market, the developers of the company is mainly focused on the creation of an electronic moment system via e-mail. In November 1999 there was a merger of the two companies – X. Com Corporation and Continuity, resulting in a new company – Papal Ink. Officially, the company Papal launched Just over a year – in February 2000, the site was set up Papal. Com Here is some strategic ways which Papal use to got success in business: Active and intelligent campaign, which promotes the benefits of electronic payment system Papal became to the fact that a large number of investors, among which were the major U. S. Ankhs, interested in the project. As a exult, the development of e- money system Papal has invested 23 million dollars, and the rapid development of the Internet has played into the hands of the founders of the company – a large number of users of the syste m who appreciate the convenience of this form of transaction. Within six months of the payment system Papal enjoyed a half million people, the turnover amounted to two million dollars, and more than one million of the world of auctions used this system for their monetary transactions. Registration has opened Papal convenience and new opportunities for different market participants.At the same time the system was introduced improvements – was possible to invest Papal, and receive monthly dividends. In February 2002, the U. S. Stock market, Papal will put shares at $ 900 million. And in 2006, the electronic payment system Papal was awarded the â€Å"Best Financial Site A year later, the system had available for users of Papal in Russia, Ukraine, Azerbaijan and Astrakhan. In 2008, Papal has released a card Papal Top Up, which allowed the system to attract a new range of customers and has made it possible to provide services in off-line mode.Papal become famous revolution in the oral of information technology, as allowed to make payments instantly even with a regular mobile phone. In order to send or receive money, do not need to do anything to make out – enough to activate and send a message Today, the remarkable system Papal – the undisputed leader in its sector and so far no one service does not attract the same number of customers as the project. Papal is licensed agencies that monitor and regulate the activities of all financial institutions in the U. S. , so the system has a certain impact on the entire sector.All electronic user accounts are ensured, are denominated in U. S. Currency, money is in the bank Wells Fargo. It is also important that the system is constantly evolving – many famous people say this is what the Internet as the main factor of popularity. Thus, the service now supports not only the U. S. Currency , but such different currencies , the Euro , Australian dollar , Canadian dollar , pound sterling, Chinese Yuan , the Japanese yen , the Hungarian forint , the Hong Kong dollar , the Danish and Czech crown , the Polish zloty , New Zealand dollar, Singapore dollar , the Norwegian crone , the Swiss bank and theSwedish Akron . Also among the benefits of the famous service Papal, which determine its relevance , it is worth noting , such as the maximum ease of use , user- friendly interface, international, multilingual and multi-currency , the ability of mobile payments, the maximum level of safety , insurance funds. Implementation of transactions in multiple currencies at the same time In the Papal system created function â€Å"Working with different currencies† to facilitate payments between foreign parties. Papal offers exchange rates, competitive exchange rates relative to other client services.The most current information on exchange rates based on the â€Å"interbrain exchange rates† Inter-bank exchange rates are established in the course of currency trading in a global network of more than 1,000 banks, and the channels are not available to customers or retailers. Customers can use these courses are for reference purposes, but should not rely on the inter-bank exchange rates in transactions where the conversion takes place. For current rates contact your local financial institution or an exchange office or see the course, reflected in your transaction Papal. 3. 0 Papal – increasing to globalizationThe online payment system Papal has announced the beginning of its work on the market at once, and 87 new states. Therefore, the list of countries with which operates Papal increased to 190. List of new countries includes countries such as : Albania , Algeria , Angola , Antigen and Barbuda , Armenia , Azerbaijan , Belize , Benign , Bhutan , Bolivia, Bosnia and Herringbone , Bulgaria , Burning Fast , Burundi , Cambodia , Chad , Colombia , Cosmos , Democratic Republic of the Congo , Republic of the Congo , Cook Islands , Outside , Dominica , El Salvador , R eiterate , Ethiopia , FareIslands, Gabon , Gambia , Greenland , Grenade , Guatemala , Guiana , Guiana- Bissau , Guyana , Honduras, Astrakhan , Kenya , Jackrabbit, Kuwait, Gyrations , Laos , Lesotho , Madagascar , Malawi , Mali , Marshall Islands , Mauritania , Micronesia , Mongolia , Morocco , Macaque , Naira , Nepal , Nicaragua , Niger , Nine, Norfolk Island , Oman , Papal , Panama , Papua Papua New Guiana, Peru, Philippines, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines , San Marino , SAA Tome and Principle , Saudi Arabia , Senegal , Seychelles , Sierra Leone , Somalia , Sir Lankan, Surname,Scabbard and Ian Mane , Swaziland , Atkinson , Tanzania , Transmittal , Tuba , Uganda , Vaunt , Vatican City , Yemen and Zambia . Adding support for new languages will primarily Spanish- , French- and Chinese- speaking users to avoid a certain kind of confusion when making online purchases. Customers using the web browser on one of these three languages , with the first site visit will be p rompt to translate it into the language of their browser. We are very excited about our expansion into new markets around the world, as well as adding the ability to view our website in three ewe languages. Recent innovation allows users to directly in 46 countries and work with us in their own language. This will help make both internal and international payments easier and safer for millions of customers around the world, â€Å"commented innovation Dana Stalled (Dana Stalled), senior vice president of Papal. Add that to the moment Papal has 143 million user accounts worldwide.In the first quarter of 2007, the volume of payments through Papal amounted to more than $ 11 billion. Http://ahead. Org/archives/ahead_archive/may-Junco/0066. HTML Globalization in e-commerce: Papal arrives in Russia November 1, the international online payment system Papal starts working with Russian rubles. This information is contained in the text of the amendments to the â€Å"User Agreement† and † Privacy Policy Ð’Â » Papal. As the portal Moneys. Our, document, in particular, establishes an equivalent charged for transactions through Papal commissions in Russian rubles.Thus, the fixed charge for domestic payments in foreign currency will be 10 rubles, and for incompetents between users from different countries – only 2 of the ruble. The maximum size of the Commission for Mass Payments in Russia and around the world is set at 240 rubles and 1,400 rubles, respectively. The fee for â€Å"greenbacks† will be 64 rubles. For active users Papal, freelancers, online stores and services especially relevant is the question of the possibility of withdrawing from a purse in the Papal account in a Russian bank. Confirmed information on this matter until it has none.Back in April 2012, Papal will filed documents with the CAB to create a non-bank credit organizations ( Nags), but still do not know at what stage the approval of documents . Optimistic predictions th at the withdrawal of funds to the accounts of Russian banks will be available simultaneously with the upcoming November 1 changes can neither confirm nor deny. On the one hand, of course, the arrival of Papal will make an additional stimulus to the development of e- commerce in Russia at the expense of the same eBay and foreign online stores often provide more favorable conditions for buyers.On the other hand, many experts and members of the Russian market of e-commerce users to predict the outflow popular now in the country of online payment service to Papal. The undoubted advantage for Runner is to increase the level of confidence of taxpayers to payments on the internet and projected in connection with the introduction of market growth Papal e- commerce in general, Russia 4. 0 Do you use Papal? Yes, of course I use.And here are the reasons why I choose Papal Because, Papal is the easiest and safest method of payment, which will save you the headache and confusion can quickly buil d a successful positive feedback. Once the client has paid for the goods, Papal immediately, within a few seconds sends you an email notification that the money is credited to the account. Nice to wake up in the morning, open the email and see the yawning so dear words – muff got Cash!!! † Papal is enjoyed by people from 190 countries. What else is good Papal to me?Do you have the money in the account, which will allow you to get a debit card fast enough! If the situation is such that you cannot use a credit card relative, and get a debit card there is no possibility of that is not available even hundreds of dollars, which would be put in a bank account, Papal will take you Just a cool way out of the situation. After 60 days of opening a Papal account and the money is transferred o this account from trading on eBay, make an application for obtaining card. Debit card Papal allows you to pay for goods and services both online and in real life.You can open one of the three types of accounts on Papal: Personal Accounts, Premier Accounts, Business Accounts. Open the Premier Account, as in the Personal there are many limitations, such as the owners of Personal Accounts debit card is not entitled. In the case of Premier Accounts you will have a good prospect of a debit card, and a little later, and credit cards. When you send money to the Premier Account, then you will not be taking fee. If you sold it on eBay and either you received money on account, Papal will take with you a small fee.According to statistics, about 78 % of the visitors are eBay's Papal account. Buyers who do not have such an account could send me a check or Money Order, but I deliberately refuse this. I refuse it for one reason; I want to live in peace. The fact is that, the letters sent checks. Sometimes the letters are delayed, buyers are nervous, you're too worried. I cannot force you to use your example predominantly Papal for billing the customer, each with its own head on his ho lders, but I cannot resist the Board: I am very happy with Palsy's service. 5. Conclusion If briefly conclude, today, the remarkable system Papal – the undisputed leader in its sector and so far no one service does not attract the same number of customers as the project. Also among the benefits of the famous service Papal, which determine its relevance , it is worth noting , such as the maximum ease of use , user-friendly interface , international, multilingual and multi-currency , the ability of mobile payments , the maximum level of safety , insurance funds. And that the company is irking without stopping in many countries to satisfy their customers.Example for innovation is mobile wallet: Papal is ready to accelerate their adoption by the insertion of additional services designed to give consumers a reason to use the Papal wallet into several categories and merchants to give a reason to consider adding another method of payment. If Papal has several features, so why don't use it? My choice is Papal. 6. 0 Reference World Wide Web HTTPS://www. Papal-media. Com/ http://www. Freelancer. Mix/page. PH? P=info/terms HTTPS://www. Papal-media. Com/history